General Motors India Launch Chevrolet Cruze

General Motors India Launch Chevrolet Cruze
By sagarmedia on June 27, 2012

General Motors India Launches All-New Chevrolet Cruze
Includes new 2.0-litre diesel engine, new transmission and added features
New Delhi, June 27, 2012 – General Motors India today launched the all-new Chevrolet Cruze at a ceremony in New Delhi presided over by Lowell Paddock, President & Managing Director, General Motors India. The new Cruze comes with a new 2.0-litre diesel engine which is the most powerful in its segment, along with a new manual transmission and added features. However, t maintains the nameplate’s coupe-like design proportions, comfortable interior and class-leading amenities.

Three variants – the LT and LTZ with GM’s next-generation six-speed manual transmission and the LTZ with an automatic transmission – are being offered in seven exterior colors. The new Cruze goes on sale at Chevrolet dealers acrossIndiastarting today.

“The Cruze has received an overwhelming response from consumers acrossIndia, since its launch in 2009,” said Paddock. “We expect the newest member of the Cruze family to continue to exceed the expectations of car buyers and stand out against the competition in its segment.”

New Diesel Engine

The new Cruze is powered by GM’s all-new FAM Z 2.0-litre diesel engine. It features a high-performance common rail fuel injection system and advanced electronically controlled variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) with intercooler.

The engine provides maximum low-speed boost for high torque and power density with higher elasticity across the rpm range. The 16-valve DOHC engine generates peak power of 166 ps at 3,800 rpm and peak torque of 380 Nm at 2,000 rpm, enabling the Cruze to accelerate from 0 to 100 km/h in less than 9 seconds.

The engine also features direct injection with a solenoid injector capable of injecting very small quantities of fuel in extremely short intervals at pressures of up to 1,800 bar. The improved mechanical design of the cylinder head and valvetrain provides 180 bar of maximum in-cylinder pressure for increased power and torque.

A high-capacity EGR cooler along with a reduced compression ratio of 16.3:1 controls nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions without sacrificing high power density. A new cylinder head port design provides increased air flow and variable swirl control by incorporating Cobra-shape intake ports. This further improves performance and cuts emissions.

A two-piece oil pan with an acoustic metal lower section and a Balance Shaft Module (BSM) with twin counter-rotating balance shafts in the oil sump reduce noise, vibration and harshness. A chain drive camshaft with hydraulic chain tensioners ensures maintenance-free operation.

New Transmission and Features

The new engine in the Cruze is complemented by a new F-40 six-speed manual transmission that features a cable shift mechanism with hydraulic clutch operation. Its three-shaft design has gear ratios that are optimized to suit Indian driving preferences and conditions.

Among the new amenities are PEPS – Passive Entry Passive Start with Push button start/stop, which is now standard in all variants, a six-way power adjustable driver’s seat, a power express driver up/down window with pinch protect, clutch footrest and premium speakers. Front fog lamps, tilt & telescopic steering, chrome door handles and Up-level smart screen are available on the LT variant.

A Proven Model

Indiais one of 140 markets that offer the Cruze. The Cruze led the Chevrolet brand with global sales of more than 180,000 units in the first quarter of 2012, a nearly 20 percent increase over 2011, making it the best-selling Chevrolet nameplate around the world.

“The Cruze is all about value, refinement and power-packed performance combined with an array of unique features,” said Paddock. “When you add it all up, it offers everything any discerning Indian car buyer could want in a sedan at a price point that represents uncontestable value for money. As a result, we expect the new Cruze to be a hit.” We believe this vehicle is the right product forIndiaright now because of its unique features and fine tuning that meet the requirements of local consumers as well as local climate and driving conditions. The all-new Cruze will allow GM to continue building on the Chevrolet brand’s success nationwide, he added.

To enhance the Chevrolet buying experience, GM India continues to expand its dealer network. It now has 279 sales points and 272 authorized service outlets across the country.

About Chevrolet
Chevrolet was founded in Detroitin 1911. Chevrolet products are sold in more than 140 countries. The Chevrolet brand was introduced in Indiain 2003 and is one of the fastest-growing automotive nameplates in the country. Chevrolet provides consumers with fuel-efficient, safe and reliable vehicles that deliver high quality, expressive design, spirited performance and value. The Chevrolet portfolio in Indiaincludes the Chevrolet Captiva, Chevrolet Optra, Chevrolet Cruze, Chevrolet Aveo, Chevrolet Aveo U-VA, Chevrolet Spark, Chevrolet Beat and Chevrolet Tavera. More information regarding Chevrolet models can be found at www.chevrolet.co.in.

BscDigitalAnimation now at Lovely professtional Univ with BIG AIMS

BIG AIMS and Lovely Professional University Announce Strategic Collaboration to Redefine Animation & VFX Education in India


- Unveils first of its kind Bachelor of Science Program in Digital Animation Film Making & Digital VFX Film Making


Delhi, June 26, 2012: BIG AIMS (Animation Infotainment & Media School), a premier animation and VFX training academy of Reliance Animation today entered into a strategic collaboration with Lovely Professional University (LPU) to introduce first of its kind degree program in Digital Animation Film Making & Digital Visual Effects Film Making in India, along with Diploma and Certificate Courses. The MoU was signed between Ashish S Kulkarni, Chief Executive Officer, Reliance Animation and Mr. Ashok Mittal, Chancellor, Lovely Professional University.



Under the MoU, BIG AIMS and LPU will offer the finest Bachelor of Science Program in Digital Animation Film Making & Digital Visual Effects Film Making. The program will expose and prepare students to the creatively exciting animation and film making industry with an unmatched degree program by LPU in association with BIG AIMS. The courses have been designed to harness best creative and technical talents in students. The Bachelor of Science Program in Animation & Visual Effects Film-Making will be made available to students across India through authorised BIG AIMS learning centres.



For those looking for focused career options within a short turnaround time BIG AIMS will be offering LPU affiliated Diploma and Certificate courses. These courses will help the students to gain mastery in these specialised areas of knowledge in a shorter span of time.



The USP of all the courses is the innovative curriculum underlines the core principles of Animation and VFX Filmmaking that position it primarily as an artistic vocation with technology seamlessly integrated. The program will help groom the creative and artistic talents of the students so that they can manoeuvre the latest technology as per the demands of the artistic needs of the medium, which is the very essence of Animation and VFX Filmmaking as per the global demands.



Speaking on this significant development Ashish SK, Chief Executive Officer, Reliance Animation said, “We are delighted to join hands with Lovely Professional University to create a talent pool for the fast evolving animation, VFX, gaming and comics (AVGC) industry in India. Considering the present needs and the trends of the industry, the B.Sc. programs along with the Diploma and Certificate Courses is extremely well designed to create the finest talent pool for the emerging era of digital content creation in the field of Animation and VFX Film Making. We strongly feel that the art of storytelling holds the key to success in this industry, therefore our endeavour would be to expose the aspiring youth to the secrets of animation and VFX filmmaking and effective story telling through this degree program so that one day they can turn into accomplished creators of animation and VFX content.”



“For Animation, VFX, Gaming and Comics as an industry, the greatest assets are the people in its various techno creative departments and not the machines and software’s. It’s the mind of the creative workforce that makes the tools come alive turning celluloid dreams into reality. At BIG AIMS we are dedicated to groom the minds of our young generation as unique creative individuals who aspires to find themselves as leaders in the emerging digital era of creative expressions.” added Ashish.



Mr. Ashok Mittal remarked “Over the years Lovely Professional University has made available cutting edge degree programs in various disciplines to students across India and overseas also. Our association with BIG AIMS has given us an opportunity to introduce for the first time a comprehensive degree program for the fast evolving and highly competitive animation and VFX industry. I am extremely impressed with BIG AIMS’s faculty training program which I am sure will go a long way to ensure quality deliverables of the curriculum. We do hope that together we will be able create world class animators and visual artists in India.”


About BIG AIMS:

BIG AIMS, a premier animation and VFX film making academy of Reliance Animation, is part of Reliance Entertainment – the largest entertainment group in India.

BIG AIMS has been incepted to bridge the gap between present training methodologies and answer the real professional needs of the animation, VFX filmmaking industry. In other words, BIG AIMS positions itself as an Academy that inculcates learning in the real-time production environment to equip the students to perform as per the demands of the industry from day one. BIG AIMS centers are already operational in Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Bhopal, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Indore, Jaipur, Kolkata, Mumbai, Pune, Surat, and Nagpur.

BIG AIMS’s young animators and VFX film makers have already been placed successfully in some of the most renowned studios in the country like Accel Animation Studios, Fountain Pixel Animations, Prime Focus, Pixion, Prana Studios, Reliance Animation, Reliance Media Works, Side FX Entertainment, Ven Sat to name a few.


About Lovely Professional University:

Lovely Professional University is India's Largest University*(* In terms of students on a single campus) with more than 25000 students (on one campus) is the culmination of mammoth efforts to change the shape of the Indian education to bring it at par with global standards and to shape the future of aspiring students by providing them a world class platform to hone up their talents.



The University believes in” Transforming the Education”, to create “Well Qualified Professionals” who can be employed effectively from day one, once they have completed their studies. This is achieved by inculcating in the students all those traits and skills that are required at the workplace, to make a complete professional. This approach of Lovely Professional University is what prompted us to get into an association with them.

Naresh – We’ve got a brand new app that you should check out.

Introducing Dashboard

“Marlon Marshall, BarackObama.com”

“Naresh Sagar”

Naresh – We’ve got a brand new app that you should check out. It’s called Dashboard — and it’s going to be a game-changer in this election. It’s our national online organizing platform, and if you’re hoping to make an impact on this election, it’s where you need to be. Take a look at Dashboard today. You already know how we’re planning to win this thing: by running the best ground game in politics. From coast to coast, folks like you are out registering voters, recruiting volunteers, and having the conversations that will tip states our way. Dashboard is our online hub for the organizing that’s going on in every single state — from now up until the last vote gets cast. It’ll be where you can connect quickly with other volunteers to help get out the vote. You can join or organize an event right then and there. Dashboard will help you stay in touch and swap stories with other supporters to keep one another inspired for what lies ahead. When you join Dashboard, you’ll also get special updates on this race, new tools to track your progress, and access to groups you can join to organize around the issues you care about most. No one else in this race has anything like it. So be one of the first people to check out Dashboard: http://my.barackobama.com/Join-Dashboard Thanks, Marlon Marlon Marshall Deputy National Field Director Obama for America

Karzai vows to root out corruption

Karzai pledges to root out corruption.Afghan President Hamid Karzai has called for stamping out corruption ahead of an international donor conference for his country to be held in Tokyo next month.

Karzai addressed on Thursday a joint session of the upper and lower houses.He said corruption has reached a peak in Afghanistan and it is an ill that the government must cure.

Karzai expressed hope that countries at the international conference will pledge 4 billion dollars worth of aid a year for the reconstruction and development of Afghanistan after 2014. NATO-led combat troops are scheduled to withdraw that year.

Aung San Suu Kyi delivers speech at Westminister Hall

Myanmar's opposition leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, has addressed both houses of Britain's Parliament. She expressed hope that her country can learn from the role model of parliamentary democracy.Seven hundred  members of both Houses of Parliament gathered at Westminster Hall on Thursday.

The Speaker of the House of Commons, John Bercow, welcomed her, noting that she is the first figure other than a head of state and the first woman from abroad to deliver a speech there.

 Aung San Suu Kyi said she would ask Britain to consider what it can do to help build the sound institutions needed to build a nascent parliamentary democracy.

She was sworn in as a member of Myanmar's parliament in May. Burma is on path of  reforms but a quarter of parliamentary seats are still secured for the military.

Shafiq claim victory in Egypt prezpoll

Former Egyptian prime minister Ahmed Shafiq repeated his claim of victory in a presidential runoff after the election commission postponed the announcement of the result of the weekend election.

 Shafiq said on Thursday that he is convinced he is the winner. Shafiq's election camp had declared his victory in a news conference on Tuesday.Another runoff candidate, Mohamed Morsi of the Muslim Brotherhood, had claimed victory on Monday.

The commission postponed the announcement of the election results to study complaints filed by the two candidates.Shafiq criticized Morsi's supporters, saying they are continuing to demonstrate in central Cairo to put pressure on the election commission.

Political Observers said  the confrontations between the supporters of the two candidates may  escalate when the official results are released.

Quake hit Macquarie Island

Quake of 6.0 Mw hit MACQUARIE ISLAND REGION.

Quake with Magnitude	6.0 Mw  hit Macquarie Island  at
Date-Time	22 Jun 2012 04:31:17 UTC 22 Jun 2012 15:31:17 near epicenter 22 Jun 2012 08:31:17 standard time in your timezone
Distances	25 km (16 miles) NW (322 degrees) of Macquarie Island, Australia 1256 km (780 miles) SW (217 degrees) of Dunedin, New Zealand 1871 km (1163 miles) SW (214 degrees) of WELLINGTON, New Zealand

PRESS RELEASE Thursday, June 21, 2012

Contact: Supriya Kumar, skumar@worldwatch.org, (+1) 202-452-1992, ext. 510 For more information: http://www.worldwatch.org/despite-drop-2009-peak-agricultural-land-grabs-still-remain-above-2004-level   Despite Drop from 2009 Peak, Agricultural Land Grabs Still Remain Above Pre-2005 Level       New Worldwatch Institute report discusses worldwide developments in land acquisitions by foreign investors Washington, D.C.----An estimated 70.2 million hectares of agricultural land worldwide have been sold or leased to foreign private and public investors since 2000, according to new research conducted by the Worldwatch Institute (www.worldwatch.org) for its Vital Signs Online service. The bulk of these acquisitions, which are called "land grabs" by some observers, took place between 2008 and 2010, peaking in 2009. Although data for 2010 indicate that the amount of acquisitions dropped considerably after the 2009 peak, it still remains well above pre-2005 levels, writes Worldwatch author Cameron Scherer. Although definitions vary, "land grab" here refers to the large-scale purchase of agricultural land by foreign investors. Thus, land leases or purchases among domestic actors are omitted. In April 2012, the Land Matrix Project, a global network of some 45 research and civil society organizations, released the largest database to date on these types of land deals, gathering data from 1,006 deals covering 70.2 million hectares around the world. Africa has seen the greatest share of land involved in these acquisitions, with 34.3 million hectares sold or leased since 2000. East Africa accounts for the greatest investment, with 310 deals covering 16.8 million hectares. Increased investment in Africa's agricultural land reflects a decade-long trend of strengthening economic relationships between Africa and the rest of the world, with foreign direct investment to the continent growing 259 percent between 2000 and 2010. Asia and Latin America come in second and third for most heavily targeted regions, with 27.1 million and 6.6 million hectares of land deals, respectively. Investor countries, in contrast, are spread more evenly around the globe. Of the 82 listed investor countries in the Land Matrix Project database, Brazil, India, and China account for 16.5 million hectares, or around 24 percent of the total hectares sold or leased worldwide. When the East Asian nations of Indonesia, Malaysia, and South Korea are included, this group of industrializing countries has been involved in 274 land deals covering 30.5 million hectares. The United States and the United Kingdom account for a combined 6.4 million hectares of land deals. The oil-rich but arid Gulf states make up the final group of major land investors, with Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Qatar responsible for 4.6 million hectares. "In several cases----namely, South Africa, China, Brazil, and India----there is an overlap between investor and target countries," said Scherer. "Yet most of the data paint one of two pictures: First, there is a new 'South-South' regionalism, in which emerging economies invest in nearby, culturally affiliated countries. The other trend is one of wealthy (or increasingly wealthy) countries, many with little arable land, buying up land in low-income nations----especially those that have been particularly vulnerable to the financial and food crises of recent years." The food crisis of 2007-08 helped spark the dramatic uptick in foreign acquisitions in 2009, as investors rushed to capitalize on the rising prices of staple crops. But food prices are not solely responsible for the land-grab trend. As fuel consumption and oil prices continue to rise, the demand for land on which to grow feedstocks for biofuels will likely rise too, increasing the pressure on limited cropland. The implications of the recent surge in foreign land acquisitions are still unclear. In many cases, the deals displace local farmers who already occupy and farm the land, but who frequently lack formal land rights or access to legal institutions to defend these rights. The land grabs also often result in the use of industrial agriculture and other practices that can bring serious ecological and other impacts to these regions. In the absence of clear regulations, robust enforcement mechanisms, government transparency, and channels for civil society participation, further investments in land may benefit a group of increasingly wealthy investorsat the expense of those living in the targeted land areas. Further highlights from the report: Approximately 56.2 million hectares of land have been sold or leased in Africa----4.8 percent of the continent's agricultural land Of the 658 land acquisition deals that took place in 2000-2010 that provided information on individual investors, 442 (67 percent) of them were carried out by private companies.    Just over a quarter of the acquired land is used for nonagricultural purposes: some 11 percent of investors are in the forestry sector, and 8 percent are from the mining, industry, livestock, or tourism sectors.

Study commissioned by the Ministry of Environment and Forests says that the 24 hydroelectric power projects planned on the Ganga should be reappraised

Guest post: Amita Bhaduri
Images courtesy: Wildlife Institute of India
Expressing doubts at the major plans to expand hydropower generating capacity in Uttarakhand, a report commissioned by the Ministry of Environment and Forests has recommended that the twenty four dams planned on the Alaknanda and Bhagirathi rivers, the two main tributaries of the Ganga in Uttarakhand should not be allowed, as they will cause irretrievable harm to the river.

Hydroelectric projects on the river Ganga

Image courtesy: www.sandrp.in

This report by the Wildlife Institute of India (WII), commissioned by the Ministry of Environment and Forests has studied the cumulative environmental and ecological impacts of hydroelectric projects in the Ganga basin on the riverine ecosystem including on terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity and has expressed fears over the feasibility of the projects.
Hydropower development in Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand is estimated to have a hydropower potential to the tune of 20236 MW against which around 1851 MW has been harnessed thus far through hydroelectric projects. The State with mighty rivers like Ganga, Yamuna, Kosi etc., is an ideal location for hydropower development owing to high heads and yields and projects like Tehri have come up as a result. 

A World Bank report (2011) has highlighted that hydropower potential is one of the most important strategic assets of the State for the development of its economy. Thus, projects of varying capacities are being implemented by State and Central Government agencies and as well as the private sector in the State.

Many of these projects have run into troubled waters and some have been halted or shelved amid intensified public protests. The State government and bureaucrats have alternatively sought to step up efforts to seek revival of the projects in order to ‘boost the dismal power situation in the State’.
The tussle between the State and the anti-dam demonstrators who are opposing the projects on religious (the Ganges river system is considered holy by the Hindus), social justice and environmental grounds escalates from time to time.
Intense public outcry and the "fast-unto-death" by eminent scientist Prof. G D Agarwal in protest against the 600 MW Loharinag Pala hydropower project in Uttarakhand had in September 2010 led the Finance Minister, who was heading a Group of Ministers looking into the issue, to announce the complete scrapping of the project.
Later, that year in November 2010 the Central Government decided at the National Ganga River Basin Authority meeting to halt work on the National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) owned 600 MW Lohari Nagpala and the State Government owned 480 MW Pala Maneri & 350 MW Bharav Ghatti projects. Further, owing to mounting environmental concerns, the 440 MW Vishnusagar project had to be scrapped.
The Government in addition notified the river stretch of 135 kilometres of Alaknanda-Bhagirathi as an ecologically sensitive area, and hence a dam free zone through which the river will flow freely. These are a partial admission that the process and plans of installing hydroelectric projects had been wide off the mark.
It does not however look like something is being done on a long term basis, to ameliorate the situation which the public is complaining about. For instance, after one year of stoppage of the Lohari Nagpala project, work was resumed. Prof. G D Agarwal has in the meanwhile this year carried out a "fast-unto-death" in protest against this project located on the Bhagirathi river. 
Disenchanting report by IIT-Roorkee
Earlier in June 2011, a study carried out by the Alternate Hydro Energy Centre (AHEC) of IIT-Roorkee for MoEF had assessed the cumulative impact of seventy hydro-power projects commissioned or in various stages of development on these rivers. 54 of these were run of the river while the rest were storage projects.
This report was to estimate the extent to which hydropower potential identified in the basins should be developed without risking stability of landforms and environment. The report came as a big disappointment and restrictions were not placed in the development of hydropower in the two basins, and instead more hydroelectric projects were advocated.
While both Alaknanda and Bhagirathi rivers have their origin in glaciers, the report suggests that glaciers are in much higher altitudes, upstream and too distant to be affected by the hydropower projects. The study does not take into consideration the fact that Himalayan glaciers are retreating at a fast pace and that less water would be available in the rivers negatively impacting the hydropower projects.

Balganga sub-basin

The report calculates that the existing hydropower projects would affect 47.3 per cent of Bhagirathi and its tributaries and 43.9 per cent of Alaknanda and its tributaries. But it does not assess what the cumulative impact of such changes would be on the rivers and their tributaries.
On the contrary it advocates fixing a threshold at seventy per cent wherein a river and its tributaries may be allowed to be affected by way of submergence and diversion up to seventy per cent of its length. While the report admits that over seventy per cent of Bhagirathi river was getting affected due to Loharinag Pala project, it sought the revival of the projects instead of a moratorium on them.
The study recognizes that hydropower projects restrict the flow of rivers and that a certain quantity of water should “always flow in the rivers”. It describes this flow as “environmental flow” but bases its calculations on the “minimum flow” required, ignoring needs and expectations of people living on the banks, and flows required to help the flora and fauna to prosper and flourish.
The report acknowledges that the minimum flow may reduce power generation. It states that the reduction may make several schemes unviable especially small-scale hydropower schemes. The study however does not talk of scrapping the projects to prevent this.
Himanshu Thakkar of the South Asian Network on Dams, Rivers and People, states that “the report has not done cumulative impact assessment, has shown bias in favour of hydropower projects and that its recommendations and conclusions are unfounded. It has not looked at the poor quality of EIAs-EMPs done for these projects and almost universal non-compliance of environment norms in the implementation of these projects. In short, the shoddy report is a lost opportunity and needs to be rejected, even while following up on some of the half hearted recommendations.” [Ganga hydel impact assessment report biased, Prasanna Mohanty, www.GovernanceNow.com, 2011]

Bhagirathi river

Wildlife Institue of India report cautions about the threat to biodiversity
Wildlife Institute of India had been approached by the Ministry of Environment and Forests to conduct a study on the cumulative environmental/ecological impacts of hydroelectric projects in the Bhagirathi and Alaknanda river basins on the riverine ecosystem, including on terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity. This assessment takes into account the cumulative impact of 70 hydroelectric projects in the Alakananda and Bhagirathi basins of which 17 are existing (1851 MW), 14 are under-construction (2538 MW) and 39 are proposed (4644 MW).
The study aimed to assess the baseline status of rare, endangered and threatened (RET) species of flora and fauna dependent on riverine habitats and flood-plains of Alaknanda and Bhagirathi river basins.

Sub-basins within Alaknanda and Bhagirathi

Critically important habitats along the existing and planned hydropower projects located on rivers Alaknanda and Bhagirathi up to Devaprayag were to be identified. The study delineated river stretches critical for conservation of rare, endangered and threatened (RET) aquatic species. It also attempted to assess the key habitat variables for RET species, including minimum flows and volume of water for ecological sustainability of the two rivers.
The study warns that the Uttarakhand hydropower projects threaten the biodiversity of Ganga. The study was released just before the meeting of the National Ganga River Basin Authority in April, 2012 which side tracked the issue of hydel projects, and expresses concern over the planned hydroelectric projects, that add up to a capacity of 2,600 MW in Uttarakhand.
As regards impact on aquatic biodiversity and their habitats, the study says that if all the proposed hydropower projects are implemented, of the 1121 km long stretch of the rivers that flow in the entire Alaknanda-Bhagirathi basins, atleast 47 per cent of the total stretch of the rivers in the entire basin, will be affected.

Critical habitats on Alaknanda-Bhagirathi sub-basins

Therefore, significant area of the fish habitat would either be modified or lost due to th eproposed hydropower projects in the basin. Out of 76 species of fish reported in the entire basin, a total of 66 species have been reported in the influence zones of hydropower projects. This means that about 87 per cent of fish species would be affected, if all proposed hydropower projects get implemented in the basin.
Among 18 sub-basins in the region, the most affected sub-basins with respect to fish habitat modification/loss would be Bhagirathi III and IV (71 per cent), Birahi Ganga (74 per cent), Alaknanda I & II (48 per cent), Mandakini (44 per cent), Balganga (40 per cent) and Nandakini (35 per cent). Although, fish was not found in Dhauliganga, nearly 94 per cent of stretch of this river would be affected which in turn would adversely impact the downstream fish species, in the main Alaknanda river.
The report states that dams or any construction across rivers is always detrimental to the survival of fishes especially of migrants, which use different habitats for completing life history requirements. There are a minimum of 17 species of migrant fishes found in the Alaknanda and Bhagirathi basins, which include three species of Mahseer that are long distance migrants.
Any obstacle such as a dam or a barrage across a river will hamper normal migratory behaviour of these fishes and consequently affect their breeding cycle. Their migration has already been obstructed by Tehri dam. Based on literature and observations made in various studies, it is confirmed that there has been a general decline in the populations of Mahseer in the upstream of Bhagirathi river due to the barrier effect caused by the Tehri dam. The report notes that the efficiency of fish pass in the Himalayan rivers would be highly reduced, if the dam height is more than 16 m.
Changes in the sedimentation flows due to dam/barrier construction especially in Himalayan rivers will also have an adverse impact on fish habitats. It is expected that submersible zones of hydropower projects would be unsuitable for several fishes especially Snow Trout and Himalayan Loaches. Therefore, the hydropower projects with longer stretches of submersible zones but without proper silt removal plans would be detrimental to populations of several Himalayan fish species. Adverse impacts on the aquatic biodiversity are expected because of changes in the natural flow due to hydropower projects in the Alaknanda and Bhagirathi basin.
15 of these hydropower projects would stop the nutrient flow either for longer period or for a shorter period, depending upon the presence of a dam or barrage. A minimum 162.6 km long stretch of the rivers, in the entire basin would be submerged due to various hydropower projects. These submerged rivers would act as nutrient traps. Therefore, changes in the nutrient flow due to hydropower projects would affect the overall composition of the fish community in the Alaknanda and Bhagirathi basins.
On the biodiversity profile and critical habitats, the report notes that over 35 mammals, 350 birds and 1000 plants have been reported in these sub-basins. Of these, five each of mammals and birds, and 55 plant species are rare, endangered or threatened. Bhagirathi-I, Mandakini, Alaknanda-III, Dhauli ganga, Rishi and Bhyundar ganga subbasins have very high terrestrial biodiversity values.
Species such as the Snow Leopard, Brown Bear, Musk Deer, Cheer Pheasant and three species of vultures are found in these sub-basins. Snow Leopard is extremely rare and occurs only in Bhagirathi-I, Mandakini, Alaknanda -III, Bhyundar, Dhauliganga, Rishi Ganga, Pindar,and Nandakini sub-basins.
The forest types of the Alaknanda basin range from the Himalayan subtropical scrub at lower elevations, temperate broad leaved forests in the middle elevations to sub-alpine oak and conifer forests at ‘tree line’ at the higher elevations whereas that of Bhagirathi basin ranges from the Himalayan subtropical scrub at lower elevations to sub-alpine birch-rhododendron forests at ‘tree line’.
The two basins support over 300 medicinal plants within which the highest number (over 150) occur in Alaknanda I sub-basin. The Alaknanda and Bhagirathi sub-basins also harbour certain plant species which are endemic to Uttarakhand.
The minimum environmental flows that have been suggested need to be reviewed periodically in relation with changes in the population status of fish. This review may be carried out once in every five years with inputs from professional institutions such as National Institute of Hydrology, IIT Roorkee, National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Directorate of Cold Water Fisheries Research, local universities etc.
The implementation of the current hydropower power plan which envisages the operation of 70 hydropower projects is likely to significantly impact the aquatic biodiversity of Bhagirathi IV and Ganga sub-basins and the report calls for review of the 24 proposed projects.
Conclusion
In the final analysis, the combined footprint of all 24 projects have been considered for their potential to impact areas with biodiversity values (both aquatic and terrestrial), critically important habitats for RET and IWPA protected species in different sub-basins in the two larger landscape units, the Alaknanda and Bhagirathi basins. Some of these sub-basins harbour areas of Outstanding Universal Values.
Power generation companies like NHPC, NTPC, Lanco, GMR Energy, GVK and JP Power were setting up projects in Uttarakhand. According to a report in the Business Standard, “over Rs 17,000 crore worth of investments in Uttarakhand would be impacted if the Government stops work on various hydel projects in the state.”
The big projects that are going to be affected are the 530 MW Kotlibhel II, the 250 MW Tamak Lata on Dhauli Ganga, the 320 MW Kotlibhel IB on Alaknanda, the 381 MW Bharon Ghati and the195 MW Kotlibhel IA on Bhagirathi.
The WII report concludes by stating that “ecological prudence therefore requires that securing long term biodiversity conservation should get precedence over economic considerations visualized in commissioning these 24 projects.”
An article in IBNLive [300 dams on the Ganga: A bane or a boon? Bahar Dutt, 2012] claims that the Government has planned over 300 dams on its various tributaries to generate electricity and the move comes despite the  Government-commissioned green panel report (by Wildlife Institute of India) that has recommended scrapping many of the dams citing environmental concerns.
The question remains as to whether the government has taken note of the study and as to when will it rechannel its efforts to protect and regenerate the health of the two river systems.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
With deep regards

कबीर/کبیر

Phone: 00-91-85-68-084-079

No Water Democracy in Delhi

                    

NEW DELH1, 20TH JUNE 2012 :  Bhagwan Das had migrated to Delhi a decade ago and settled in what the Govt. calls an ‘unauthorised colony’ of Delhi near Sangam Vihar. Today with wife and 3 children the migrant labour is a Rickshaw puller with an income of nearly five thousand per month spends his earning like this : he pays Rs. 800 jhuggi rent to a local neta, spends Rs two thousand five  hundred on ration from the open bazar, and one thousand eight hundred to buy water per month.

And Das is not alone, most of the residents of the 1639 unauthorised colonies of the capital spend their earning in the same way, with no other facility such as education for  their children.

As the Rio +20 starts today to discuss the environment and water issues,one may wonder why people have to buy water from the contractor in a place like Delhi where the government claim that they have double the amount of water what is required for people residing in Delhi. World Health Organisation has set a minimum consumption level at 120 liters per capita which is a far dream for Delhi’s 90 percent population. Ironically The Lutyens Delhi consume 80 percent of the total supply of water.

In a press conference conducted by the Right to Water Campaign - the speakers raised concerns about the need of an equal water distribution system.

Colin Gonsalves, a popular human rights lawyer expressed his concern on the lack of a Water Security Act that ensures universal water distribution, in India.

Magsaysay Award winner, Rajendra Singh, who was on a sit-in protest in Delhi till Monday, questioned the intention of policy makers in India. Rajendra singh, better known as ‘The water man - Jal Purush’ is known for restoring the traditional water sources in Alwar district of Rajasthan, making the area self dependent.

Himanshu Thakkar, a noted water researcher and campaigner,  found major loopholes in the National Water Policy 2012 and demanded  a citizen and climate friendly water policy. He said that “the crisis portrayed by the government is artificial”.

Kavita Krushnan, leader of CPIML - Liberation, claimed that the “government is blindly following the conditions of World Bank and IMF without considering citizen’s concerns.”

Azad, a full time activist with slum dwellers in Delhi, civic facilities for the slum dwellers including water, said that “it is a shame that after 65 years of Independence people have to buy water from the mafia and Jal Board is hardly concerned about water problem faced by the poor people.”

The Right to Water Campaign believes that it is not surprising that the Union Water Resources Minister Pawan Kumar Bansal gave a statement in the  Parliament on May 7, 2012 stating, "In the new proposed water policy, we have taken care to emphasize that the State should be encouraged to go in for public private partnership…public private partnership does not mean that you are privatizing the water sector. We are not privatising the water sector."

He even mentioned names of cities like Tirpur, Salt Lake Kolkata, Chennai, Nagpur, Hyderabad, Hubli, Dharwad, Belgaum, Gulbarga, Latoor, Mysore, Haldia, Dewas, Khandwa, Shivpuri, Raipur, Kolhapur, etc. He argued "So many places for one purpose or the other public private partnership model has been utilised, and it would be the policy of the Government to encourage that."  

Bansal's statement in the Parliament misrepresents the facts and misleads the parliament and people as well. The cities which were mentioned by the minister are cases of failed PPP projects. Votaries of privatisation argue that they are not privatizing water, but only involving private parties in managing it. The fact is no private operator undertakes a project unless it is assured of its raw material i.e. water.

We conducted a study in Delhi and found  how the PPP business deprives people of their fundamental right to water. We filed a few  RTI applications and with that thread researched the PPP moves by the Delhi government and the findings  are shocking.  The Delhi government is about to start three PPP projects in three areas namely Malviya Nagar, Vasant Vihar and Nangloi.Each project will cost 173 crore (1730 million INR) where water distribution system will be privatised in phases.

For more details, Contact : Kiran Shaheen at +91 98180 65092

or alternatively  write to righttowatercampaign@gmail.com         

      

                              

     (On behalf of the ‘Right to water Campaign’)

नांगल देवत में हुआ महा यज्ञ व भण्डारा

यज्ञ के बाद मन्दिरों के दर्शन कर लोग हुए अभिभूत

नई दिल्ली। जून 21 2012। इंदिरा गांधी अंतर्राष्ट्रीय हवाई अड्डे के पास स्थित नांगल देवत देव भूमि पर आज एक महा यज्ञ व भण्डारे का आयोजन किया गया। बाबा समेराम मन्दिर समिति द्वारा आयोजित इस भण्डारे में विश्व हिन्दू परिषद दिल्ली के अध्यक्ष श्री स्वदेश पाल गुप्ता, मंत्री श्री दीपक कुमार व प्रान्त मठ-मन्दिर प्रमुख श्री राम पाल सिंह, राष्ट्रीय स्वयं सेवक संघ के विभाग धर्म जागरण प्रमुख श्री रिषिपाल चर्चित, पालम 360 गांव की पंचायत के प्रधान श्री चौ राम करण सोलंकी, न्यू नांगल देवत के प्रधान श्री सहराज सहरावत, हिन्द केसरी अनूप पहलवान, क्षेत्रीय निगम पार्षद श्री कृष्ण सहरावत, मास्टर किशन चन्द व श्री हंस राज सहरावत सहित अनेक गणमाण्य व्यक्ति उपस्थित थे।

लगभग 250 भक्तों को यज्ञोपरान्त संबोधित करते हुए विहिप अध्यक्ष ने कहा कि मैं आज इस देवताओं की पवित्र भूमि के दर्शन कर अभिभूत हुआ हूं। इस प्रकार के यज्ञ व भण्डारे नियमित रूप से होने चाहिए। उपस्थित जन समूह ने एक स्वर से इस देवस्थान के चहु मुखी विकास की कामना की तथा दिल्ली अंतर्राष्ट्रीय हवाई अड्डा लि व जी एम आर से मांग की कि मन्दिरों की इस अनुपम धरोहर को संरक्षित कर उसका विस्तार किया जाए।

भवदीय

Sangma quits NCP to contest Presidential poll

Sangma quits NCP to contest Presidential poll

Contest for Presidential poll looks imminent as former Lok Sabha speaker Purno Sangma quit Nationalist Congress Party on Wednesday to fight the election. Today Sangma  will visit CM of Bengal Mamata and ask  her to support him in contest of Prezpoll.

Sangma is the declared candidate of Tamil Nadu Chief Minister J Jayalalithaa and her Orissa counterpart Naveen Patnaik.

He is being seen as a likely NDA candidate as well, against ruling UPA’s Pranab Mukherjee.

The NDA however is yet to take a decision in this regard.

Sangama’s resignation was announced by Janata Party President Subramanyam Swamy who met Sangama on Wednesday.

"I hereby tender my resignation from the primary membership of NCP with immediate effect. I place on record my deep gratitude to the President, other office bearers and rank and file of NCP for the courtesies extended to me by them at personal level while I was a member of the party," he wrote in his resignation letter.

In a statement, Sangma said he had "no option but to resign" from NCP "without any personal intent whatsoever of embarrassing the party and its leadership".

Talking about the circumstances in which he had to quit, the 64-year-old leader said, "disinclination of the NCP to endorse my candidature amounts to a denial of the aspirations of the tribals of the country."

He noted that his candidature had been projected by the Tribal Forum of India and he cannot "ignore the feeling of the tribals that Raisina Hill (Rashtrapati Bhavan) should not continue to be a distant dream for them."

NCP Chief Sharad Pawar has meanwhile said the party has accepted Sangma’s resignation.

NCP had opposed Sangma’s candidature and had also hinted at disciplinary action if he refused to toe the party line.

NCP office bearers are scheduled to meet on Thursday, to further discuss the issue of presidential polls.

NDA undecided

Meanwhile, leader of Opposition in Lok Sabha, Sushma Swaraj, Janta Party President Subramanyam Swamy and BJP leader Jaswant Singh met at the residence of senior BJP leader LK Advani on Wednesday evening.

The meeting discussed the strategy to be adopted for the Presidential polls. The meeting discussed the strategy to be adopted for the Presidential polls.

NDA is likely to decide by Thursday on whom to support for the race to Raisina Hill.

Pranab is suitable candidate, says Yeddyurappa

Estranged BJP leader and former Karnataka Chief Minister BS Yeddyurappa said UPA nominee Pranab Mukherjee is a “suitable man” for the post of President, but the party central leadership would take an appropriate decision on the issue.

Left parties to meet tomorrow

Top leaders of Left parties will meet in New Delhi on Thursday to take a decision on the issue of supporting UPA Presidential candidate Pranab Mukherjee.

Prakash Karat, Sitaram Yechury and S Ramachandaran Pillai from CPI-M,  A B Bardhan, Sudhakar Reddy and D Raja from CPI, Debabrata Biswas and G Deverajan from Forward Bloc and TJ Chandrachoodan from RSP will attend the meeting.

Egypt’s presidential winner delayed

Egypt's election officials delayed announcing the winner of the presidential runoff, in pretext as  they need to study complaints from the candidates.The election commission was supposed to announce the results on Thursday. The commission said, in a statement on Wednesday, that it needs more time before declaring final results.

Voting was held on Saturday and Sunday for the runoff between Mohamed Morsi of the Muslim Brotherhood and Ahmed Shafiq, a former military commander who served as ousted president Hosni Mubarak's last prime minister.

Local media reports have put Morsi in the lead. But both candidates have declared victory, citing vote figures that they claim to have obtained from the election authorities.

The election commission has not given new dates for declaring the winner. But officials have told local media that results are likely to be ready in a few days time.

Shahabuddin PM hopeful may be arrested

Although, Makhdoom Shahabuddin has been short-listed as one of the candidates for the prime minister’s slot after the disqualification of Yusuf Raza Gilani, he can be arrested anytime by the Anti-Narcotics Force (ANF) in connection with the ephedrine case.
“His arrest is a matter of time. He can be taken into custody anytime,” said a well-placed ANF official privy to the investigation into the drug case that made headlines after the alleged involvement of the son of outgoing PM, Ali Musa Gilani.
A Supreme Court bench, headed by Chief Justice Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry, had already directed the ANF to arrest Shahabuddin, who had approved the ephedrine quota. Shahabuddin is being considered for the slot together with Chaudhry Ahmad Mukhtar and Syed Khursheed Shah, with majority betting on him as he belongs to south Punjab.
An ANF official said the investigators had undeniable evidence of Shahabuddin’s involvement in the ephedrine case. “He was the man who being the health minister issued quota to Danas Pharma,” said the official, who wished anonymity given the discreet nature of information and the high-profile individuals’ involvement.

The ANF last summoned Shahabuddin in May for interrogation and he admitted issuing a quota but pleaded innocence, saying he was unaware of the purpose and persons behind the move.

The Supreme Court has directed the ANF to arrest Shahabuddin for issuing unauthorised drug quota to Danas Pharma with Ali Musa Gilani as the principal beneficiary of such sanction. Hearing the ephedrine case on June 7, the Supreme Court questioned Brig Faheem of the ANF as to why Shahabuddin had not been arrested even after it was established that he had approved the illegal ephedrine quota.

Brig Faheem had told the court that bureaucracy was creating hindrances for the ANF to proceed against the suspects in the case. He said the chief executives of two pharmaceutical companies involved in the case had been arrested for investigation.

Shahabuddin, who long aspired and conspired for the PM’s slot, previously told Tariq Butt, a senior journalist of The News, that he had ordered an investigation into the ephedrine scandal without knowing about the alleged involvement of Syed Ali Musa Gilani in it.

In fact, reported Tariq Butt, he was the principal character as the health minister behind the initiation of investigations against only two pharmaceutical companies that imported a huge quantity of ephedrine for the mere reason that the name of Gilani’s son, Ali Musa, figured in it.

But when the ephedrine scandal hit headlines due to the involvement of Ali Musa in it after the Supreme Court intervened, Shahabuddin put the entire blame on MNA Mian Abdul Sattar of the PPP from Rahimyar Khan for prodding him to order a probe into the scam when the prime minister inquired from him about the case.

After Shahabuddin “briefed” the prime minister about Abdul Sattar’s involvement, disentangling himself and entangling him, Gilani started ignoring the MP, who now fears that he would not even be given the party ticket next time although he has been an old PPP cardholder, winning elections most of the time.

While Gilani was questioning the motives of Brig Faheem for investigating his son, Shahabuddin had publicly declared this ANF chief investigator as “a man of integrity”.

Naresh --

We've got a brand new app that you should check out.

It's called Dashboard -- and it's going to be a game-changer in this election.

It's our national online organizing platform, and if you're hoping to make an impact on this election, it's where you need to be.

Take a look at Dashboard today.

You already know how we're planning to win this thing: by running the best ground game in politics. From coast to coast, folks like you are out registering voters, recruiting volunteers, and having the conversations that will tip states our way.

Dashboard is our online hub for the organizing that's going on in every single state -- from now up until the last vote gets cast.

It'll be where you can connect quickly with other volunteers to help get out the vote. You can join or organize an event right then and there. Dashboard will help you stay in touch and swap stories with other supporters to keep one another inspired for what lies ahead.

When you join Dashboard, you'll also get special updates on this race, new tools to track your progress, and access to groups you can join to organize around the issues you care about most.

No one else in this race has anything like it.

So be one of the first people to check out Dashboard:

http://my.barackobama.com/Join-Dashboard

Thanks,

Marlon

Marlon Marshall
Deputy National Field Director
Obama for America

Rajesh Khanna back to normal

Bollywood Superstar Rajesh Khanna is ill and his metabolism failed from last three to four days and appears to have recovered as he waved the waiting crow from his mansion..Superstar daughter twinkle and Rinki along with their mother Dimple Kapadia are at Aashirwaad,Rajesh  Khanna's  mansion to look after ailing Star.Akhshay Khanna the Bollywood star married to twinkle is with Rajesh Khanna too.

Twenty person hospitalized fire at CM office

The four hours fire at Maharasthra Secretariate put more than twenty person injured and is sent to hospital.Nobody has been able to give clear reasons for blaze which has caused lot of damaged to the material but the important files are safe within custody of CBI. People injured due to smoke are sent to hospital.Even Navy fire fighter team has come with special dress to search the people trapped in the building.Their exercise is still to be carried out. The fire again erupts at sixth floor and firemen are busy dousing late evening.

Leander Paes quit London Olympic

Leander Paes insisted AITA to assure him that he pair with Sania Mirza in mixed double. His father said to electronic channel that Leander has accepted most of the guidelines but his insistence for his teammate is his prerogative.In case Leander wish to partner Sania is not assured he is to miss London Olympic.

Maharashtra Secretariate in blaze

Fire has engulfed at the fourth floor of Secretariate building of Maharasthra at around 1.50PM and it then spread to top floors thus creating panic at fifth and sixth floor.More than 25 fire tender are being pressed into action to douse the fire.CM and Dy CM office has been completely gutted and fire man stil struggling to contain the fire. Additional New Bombay fire teners too arrive on the scene of fire. The fire at Secretariate is still on at sixth floor and the fire tender are making efforts to rescue the people and contain the fire. Most of people have been evacuated from the Secretariate but the panic prevails for more than four to five hours in the city.

Govt taking steps to improve inflow of foreign investment: FM

The government is taking steps to improve inflow of foreign investment and the impact of the initiatives will become visible after some time, said Pranab Mukherjee, Finance Minister on Tuesday.

"In certain areas we have to take appropriate measures. We have already started taking appropriate measures. These have started yielding results. But its impact will take some time," he said.

On Monday, Fitch lowered India's credit outlook to negative from stable, citing reasons such as corruption, inadequate reforms, high inflation and slow growth.

It was the second rating agency to lower outlook after Standard and Poor's.

S&P had in April lowered India's rating outlook to negative from stable. It also warned on June 11 that the country may be the first in the BRIC grouping to falter and its sovereign credit rating may slip below investment grade.

The government, Mukherjee said, had taken note of the concerns expressed by Fitch.

"There is some improvement in FDI and FII inflows" he said, adding the steps taken by the government to relax External Commercial Borrowings (ECB) norms and creation of Infrastructure Debt Fund (IDF) too were yielding results.

The Finance Ministry yesterday rejected the assessment of Fitch saying that its action was based on "old data."

Mukherjee had said in a statement, "Fitch has primarily relied on older data, and has ignored the recent positive trends in the Indian economy."

According to the statement, the rating agency did not take note of many of the government's recent initiatives including fertiliser subsidy reform, capping subsidies as a fraction of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and new manufacturing and telecom policies.

To:

nksagar_1@yahoo.com

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Come to this event!

20 April 2012, 5:00 PM - 7:00 PM 20 Cooper Square, 5th Floor, IPK Main Conference Room Join us for a book launch for Poverty Amid Plenty in the New India, Atul Kohli's new book. Atul will be joined by New School Professors Sanjay Ruparelia and Sanjay Reddy. India has one of the fastest growing economies on earth. Over the past three decades, socialism has been replaced by pro-business policies as the way forward. And yet, in this 'new' India, grinding poverty is still a feature of everyday life. Some 450 million people subsist on less than $1.25 per day and nearly half of India's children are malnourished. In his latest book, Atul Kohli, a seasoned scholar of Indian politics and economics, blames this discrepancy on the narrow nature of the ruling alliance in India that, in its newfound relationship with business, has prioritized economic growth above all other social and political considerations. In fact, according to Kohli, the resulting inequalities have limited the impact of growth on poverty alleviation, and the exclusion of such a significant proportion of Indians from the fruits of rapid economic growth is in turn creating an array of new political problems. This thoughtful and challenging book affords an alternative vision of India's rise in the world that its democratic rulers will be forced to come to grips with in the years ahead. 5:00 Wine and Cheese  5:30. Introductions: Author, Discussants, and the Book. David Ludden 5:45. Major arguments in the book. Atul Kohli 6:00. Discussion: Sanjay Ruparelia and Sanjay Reddy, The New School 6:30. Open discussion This event is co-sponsored by South Asia @ NYU This event is open to the public with photo ID.

Enigma electric bikes are ready to hit the roads

By sagarmedia on June 20, 2012 | Edit

 

 

New Delhi, June 20^th, 2012: Enigma Auto is a strategic business unit of Enigma Electricals Pvt. Ltd. It is formed with an aim of providing eco-friendly and unconventional means of transportation. It provides pollution free and economical e-bikes, which could drastically bring down an individual’s transportation expenses. On 20th June 2012, it unveiled three magnificent models, named Muscular, Crescent and Intense. These models are very competitive with existing models in the market and also have great value-add technical specifications and alluring features.

These bikes do not require any registration and license, as their maximum speed is 25 km/hr. Its low speed makes it a safer vehicle and with no engine it becomes quite lightweight, thus catering to be a product that can be accessible and useable by a massive chunk of people ranging under the age group of 13-65 years.

Speaking on the occasion, Mr. Gulshan Batra, Director, Enigma Auto, said, “With a continuous hike in the fuel prices we decided to penetrate into the market of electric two-wheelers which indeed is a logical extension, as we believe that electric automobiles are the future of transportation.”

He also added, “Our mission is to establish ourselves as one of the best companies in this segment. We have initiated into this business with the promise to offer premium quality and excellent services.”

At this point in time, Enigma Auto is present in Delhi with 18 active distributors – and is soon planning to expand to others states of Northern region like UP, Haryana and Uttaranchal. Company is coming up with its highly equipped plant at Bhiwadi.

Enigma e-bikes emit zero percent carbon and have low maintenance cost, which make them efficient and environment friendly. The company has attained a certification from Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC) as its products are pollution free and does not adversely affect the environment. The company is planning to make its space in electric three-wheeler market and also has plans to foray in four-wheeler market very soon.

Enigma Auto

Enigma Auto is an automobile company, initiated in the year 2011. A strategic business unit of Enigma Electricals Pvt. Ltd, It is formed with the aim of producing energy saving and consumer friendly products. Its vision is to provide easy to use, eco-friendly and economical means of personal transport. The company has stepped into the business with three models; Muscular, Crescent and Intense with each one of them having its own different features and specification. The products are based on rechargeable batteries replacing the conventional engine.

Apart from this, Enigma Auto has parental business backgrounds in Home appliances, Garments and Construction businesses. Enigma Auto has been certified by the DPCC (Delhi Pollution Control Committee). It is soon planning to foray into public transportation system with its three wheelers followed by multi-utility vehicles and then four wheelers in the near future. The prototype for three wheelers as well as four wheeler have already been developed and are at the R&D stage for further improvisations and developments.